Federal Record Keeping Statute

for Certain Pornographic Depictions;

Section 2257 of Title 18 of the United States Code

As Amended in 2006

 

United States Code, Title 18 – Crimes and Criminal Procedure

Part I – Crimes

Chapter 110 – Sexual Exploitation and Other Abuse of Children

 

Compiled by Reed Lee, Esq. of J. D. Obenberger and Associates

Copyright 2006 J. D. Obenberger and Assoicates. All Rights Reserved.

 

 

§ 2257. Record keeping requirements

 

(a)        Whoever produces any book, magazine, periodical, film, videotape, digital image, digitally- or computer-manipulated image of an actual human being, picture, or other matter which –

 

(1)        contains one or more visual depictions made after November 1, 1990 of actual sexually explicit conduct; and

 

(2)        is produced in whole or in part with materials which have been mailed or shipped in interstate or foreign commerce, or is shipped or transported or is intended for shipment or transportation in interstate or foreign commerce;

 

            shall create and maintain individually identifiable records pertaining to every performer portrayed in such a visual depiction.

 

(b)        Any person to whom subsection (a) applies shall, with respect to every performer portrayed in a visual depiction of actual sexually explicit conduct –

 

(1)        ascertain, by examination of an identification document containing such informa­tion, the performer’s name and date of birth, and require the performer to provide such other indicia of his or her identity as may be prescribed by regulations;

 

(2)        ascertain any name, other than the performer’s present and correct name, ever used by the performer including maiden name, alias, nickname, stage, or profes­sion­al name; and

 

(3)        record in the records required by subsection (a) the information required by para­graphs (1) and (2) of this subsection and such other identifying information as may be prescribed by regulation.

 

(c)        Any person to whom subsection (a) applies shall maintain the records required by this section at his business premises, or at such other place as the Attorney General may by regulation prescribe and shall make such records available to the Attorney General for inspection at all reasonable times.

 

(d)        (1)        No information or evidence obtained from records required to be created or main­tained by this section shall, except as provided in this section, directly or indirect­ly, be used as evidence against any person with respect to any violation of law.

 

(2)        Paragraph (1) of this subsection shall not preclude the use of such information or evidence in a prosecution or other action for a violation of this chapter or chapter 71, or for a violation of any applicable provision of law with respect to the fur­nish­ing of false information.

 

(e)        (1)        Any person to whom subsection (a) applies shall cause to be affixed to every copy of any matter described in paragraph (1) of subsection (a) of this section, in such manner and in such form as the Attorney General shall by regulations prescribe, a statement describing where the records required by this section with respect to all performers depicted in that copy of the matter may be located.  In this paragraph, the term “copy” includes every page of a website on which matter described in subsection (a) appears.

 

(2)        If the person to whom subsection (a) of this section applies is an organization the statement required by this subsection shall include the name, title, and business address of the individual employed by such organization responsible for main­taining the records required by this section.

 

(f)        It shall be unlawful –

 

(1)        for any person to whom subsection (a) applies to fail to create or maintain the records as required by subsections (a) and (c) or by any regulation promulgated under this section;

 

(2)        for any person to whom subsection (a) applies knowingly to make any false entry in or knowingly to fail to make an appropriate entry in, any record required by subsection (b) of this section or any regulation promulgated under this section;

 

(3)        for any person to whom subsection (a) applies knowingly to fail to comply with the provisions of subsection (e) or any regulation promulgated pursuant to that subsection; and

 

(4)        for any person knowingly to sell or otherwise transfer, or offer for sale or transfer, any book, magazine, periodical, film, video, or other matter, produce in whole or in part with materials which have been mailed or shipped in interstate or foreign commerce or which is intended for shipment in interstate or foreign commerce, which –

 

(A)       contains one or more visual depictions made after the effective date of this subsection of actual sexually explicit conduct; and

 

(B)       is produced in whole or in part with materials which have been mailed or shipped in interstate or foreign commerce, or is shipped or transported or is intended for shipment or transportation in interstate or foreign com­merce;

 

            which does not have affixed thereto, in a manner prescribed as set forth in subsec­tion (e)(1), a statement describing where the records required by this section may be located, but such person shall have no duty to determine the accuracy of the contents of the statement or the records required to be kept.; and

 

(5)        for any person to whom subsection (a) applies to refuse to permit the Attorney General or his or her designee to conduct an inspection under subsection (c).

 

(g)        The Attorney General shall issue appropriate regulations to carry out this section.

 

(h)        As used iIn this section –

 

(1)        the term “actual sexually explicit conduct” means actual but not simulated con­duct as defined in subparagraphs (A) through (D) of paragraph (2)clauses (i) through (v) of section 2256(2)(A) of this title;

 

(2)        “identification document” has the meaning given that term in section 1028(d) of this title;

 

(3)        the term “produces”–

 

(A)       means–

 

(i)         actually filming, videotaping, photographing, creating a picture, digital image, or digitally- or computer-manipulated image of an actual human being;

 

(ii)        digitizing an image, of a visual depiction of sexually explicit conduct; or, to produce, assembling, manufactureing, publishing, dupli­cating, reproducing, or reissuing, any book, maga­zine, periodi­­cal, film, video tape, computer generated image, digital image, or picture, or other similar matter intended for commercial distri­bution, that contains a visual depiction of sexually explicit con­duct; or and includes the duplication, reproduction, or re­issuing of any such matter,

 

(iii)       inserting on a computer site or service a digital image of, or otherwise managing the sexually explicit content, of a computer site or service that contains a visual depiction of, sexually explicit conduct; butand

 

(B)       does not include activities that are limited to–

 

(i)         photo or film processing, including digitization of previously existing visual depictions, as part of a commercial enterprise, with no other commercial interest in the sexually explicit material, printing, and video duplication;

 

(ii)        mere distribution or;

 

(iii)       any other activity, other than those activities identified in sub­paragraph (A), whichthat does not involve the hiring, contracting for, managing, or otherwise arranging for the participation of the depicted performers depicted;

 

(iv)       the provision of a telecommunications service, or of an Internet access service or Internet information location tool (as those terms are defined in section 231 of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 231)); or

 

(v)        the transmission, storage, retrieval, hosting, formatting, or translation (or any combination thereof) of a communication, without selection or alteration of the content of the communication, except that deletion of a particular communication or material made by another person in a manner consistent with 230(c) of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 230(c)) shall not consti­tute such selection or alteration of the content of the communi­cation; and

 

(4)(3)    the term “performer” includes any person portrayed in a visual depiction engaging in, or assisting another person to engage in, actual sexually explicit conduct.

 

(i)         Whoever violates this section shall be imprisoned for not more than 5 years, and fined in accordance with the provisions of this title, or both. Whoever violates this section after having been convicted of a violation punishable under this section shall be imprisoned for any period of years not more than 10 years but not less than 2 years, and fined in accor­dance with the provisions of this title, or both.